US-Israel War on Iran: The Iranian Moment and the Unknown

Since the 1920s, Iran has experienced two defining political moments reflecting distinct civilisational identities. The first under the Pahlavi monarchy was secular and modern, aligning with the West, while the Islamic republic founded in 1979 embraced Islamic principles and resisted Western influence. Now, facing unprecedented strain, Iran may be on the brink of a third defining moment as it grapples with internal and external challenges.

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