The November 2025 TIOBE Index reveals that C# is rapidly gaining ground on Java, now less than 1% behind, as it becomes the fastest rising programming language, according to TIO CEO Paul Jansen. C# has overcome previous barriers such as cross-platform compatibility and open-source status, while Java’s popularity has declined since being overtaken by Python in 2021. The top ten programming languages are led by Python, followed by C, C++, Java, and C#. The index shows a competitive landscape with C# poised to possibly surpass Java for the first time in history.
