Why it’s no surprise European states are toughening language requirements

Several European countries are implementing language requirements for permanent residence and citizenship, with France, Sweden, and Italy leading the way. The importance of language in national identity is highlighted by linguist Carmen Silvestri, who notes that language has historically been a key element of the nation-state and nationalist movements. A Pew Research Centre report shows that speaking the local language is considered essential for belonging in many European countries, with multilingualism playing a role in connecting communities beyond national boundaries.

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