Chunghwa Telecom, part of an international consortium, successfully rerouted telecom traffic after damage to the Trans-Pacific Express cable, ensuring uninterrupted service since 2008. Taiwan has faced multiple incidents of cable damage with unknown origins, seeking assistance from the European Union, while gray-zone attacks have increased globally following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, testing the West’s resilience against hybrid forms of aggression. The severing of an undersea power cable between Finland and Estonia on Christmas Day was attributed to Russia’s shadow fleet of oil tankers, highlighting the growing challenges posed by such attacks.
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