Is Iran Sunni or Shia? Understanding Iran’s Religious Divide

When thinking about Iran, one may wonder if it is Sunni or Shia, as this distinction is central to political, cultural, and religious debates in the region. Sunni Muslims believe in choosing leaders by consensus, while Shia Muslims believe in leadership by descent from Prophet Muhammad. Iran is predominantly Shia, with over 95% of the population adhering to Shia Islam. This Shia identity is integral to Iran’s political, cultural, and foreign policy, as it influences governance, the role of clergy, and regional power dynamics. Iran’s Shia dominance has led to unique cultural practices and a prominent role in the Shia Muslim world, impacting its relationships with Sunni-majority neighbors like Saudi Arabia and Pakistan.

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