How Iran is shifting proxy warfare in Europe by recruiting criminal networks

Iran is increasingly relying on organized local gangs as part of its strategy to adapt to the changing geopolitical landscape, particularly in response to perceived European inaction in confronting new proxy warfare threats. This shift poses significant risks to European security as Iran’s use of these groups may undermine stability in the region. The growing reliance on local gangs underscores Iran’s strategic approach to navigating complex geopolitical challenges and exploiting perceived weaknesses in European responses to security threats.

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