As the colder days approach, you may start to feel the effects of winter setting in.
It’s important to know the difference between feeling a bit down during winter and experiencing something more serious, like seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
Here’s what you need to understand about SAD.
What is seasonal affective disorder?
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that is linked to seasonal changes. While it’s commonly associated with winter, some studies suggest it can also occur in warmer months.
People with SAD may experience symptoms similar to major depression, such as disrupted sleep patterns, low self-esteem, decreased physical activity, and cravings for carbohydrates.
Those affected by SAD usually experience symptoms at the same time each year.
Nick Titov, director of online mental health clinic MindSpot and a professor at Macquarie University, explains that SAD is a form of clinical depression that is more severe than temporary feelings of sadness.
SAD is more common in colder climates with less sunlight, like in the northern hemisphere, and is believed to be rare in Australia.
Greg Murray, director of Swinburne University’s Centre for Mental Health, estimates that about one in 300 Australians may be affected by SAD.
What causes seasonal affective disorder?
SAD is thought to be influenced by disruptions to the body’s natural circadian rhythm due to reduced sunlight and shorter days.
Luke Martin, a clinical psychologist and senior adviser at Beyond Blue, explains that some individuals are particularly sensitive to the decrease in daylight hours, which can trigger symptoms of SAD.
Melatonin, a hormone produced in response to darkness, may also play a role in SAD onset. Some studies suggest that individuals with SAD produce excessive amounts of melatonin.
Changes in serotonin levels, another hormone that affects mood regulation, may also contribute to SAD. Exposure to sunlight is believed to increase serotonin production.
How can you ease seasonal affective disorder?
If you suspect you may have SAD, seeking support early on can help alleviate symptoms. Treatment options may include medication, therapy, and bright light therapy.
It’s important to maintain a routine, get outside for sunlight exposure, and stay active during the winter months to help manage SAD symptoms.
This article provides general information only. For personalized advice, consult a qualified medical professional.
If you need mental health support, you can contact Lifeline on 13 11 14, on 1300 224 636, or 13YARN on 13 92 76.
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