India has implemented four new labour codes aimed at modernizing outdated regulations and enhancing worker protections, particularly for women, youth, and gig workers. Prime Minister Modi emphasized that these reforms would promote job creation and productivity, while the labour ministry highlighted the simplification of compliance to attract investment. The changes, which include legal recognition of gig work and flexibility in factory operations, have faced opposition from trade unions who argue they undermine workers’ rights. While economists suggest potential long-term benefits, concerns remain about the immediate impacts on small and informal businesses.
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