A new DARPA project, expMath, aims to accelerate mathematical innovation using AI, as the agency believes progress in mathematics is slow. The project seeks to develop AI co-authors that can propose and prove mathematical abstractions through auto decomposition and auto(in)formalization, despite current AI limitations in high-level math. DARPA’s initiative will engage the math and AI communities to collaboratively address this complex challenge, with optimism from participants about the potential for transformative changes in mathematical practice.