Ongoing Conflict in Sudan

Just before the turn of the millennium, Sudan’s President Omar Hassan al-Bashir ended his alliance with Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi, leading to the dissolution of the Salvation coalition and the onset of the Darfur conflict. The Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), formed by loyalists to al-Turabi, clashed with the Sudanese army, escalating violence as the government employed Arab nomadic tribes, particularly the Janjaweed militia, to suppress resistance. The conflict, rooted in ethnic tensions between African and Arab tribes, intensified in 2003 and has since involved regional dynamics, including recruitment from neighboring countries. Reports indicate that the Rapid Support Forces, successors to the Janjaweed, have bolstered their ranks by enlisting fighters from Arab tribes in Chad and Niger amid ongoing instability.

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